Post EtqnY6oXusn

Александр Запрягаев Apr 21, 2016 (13:54)

QVS main treasure: verbs and verbal roots!
For Neo-Quenya purposes. Trivials like tule and kare excluded.

92
KAB kave 'can, be able' (pa. t. kambe 102, fut. kauva 121) perhaps obsoleted by POL etc., but seems the best choice for me now, though never re-used.

93
neme 'it seems' (imp.) Never obsoleted. Almost reassigned 'to judge', but retracted.

96
nanta? (pa. t. n(d)anne) 'go back' No doubt it exists, parallel orta.

97
kelu 'flow, begin to flow, well up (98)' Supported by S Celos < Kelusse, UTI.
liru 'sing' Remains in QVS, never obsoleted.
kesta 'ask (possibly, only to do smth., not a question)' Cf. PE17:156, there glossed 'search, examine', but from the root KETH 'enquire, question', so a semantic connection is obvious.

98
telu 'roof in' Not mentioned, but implied in QE.
GAL alā < galā 'grow' Attested violently.
ksarā 'yearn, long for' Never obsoleted. Cf. Ad. Zâir.

100
ōla 'become' New, important, also found in QE:VS.

102
KAP kape, kampe, (akápie) akampie 'leap' Obviously backed by S cabed.
RUK ruke, runke, urúkie or urunkie 'pluck' The stem apparently reassigned to 'have fear' in QE:415. But the conjugation seems valid. A tricky case, for no 'pluck' we have except EQ karp. Possible homonymy?
KYAB tyave, tyambe > tyáve, atyávie 'taste' Cf. lámatyáve. Reassigned to KYAW later, which yields tyave, tyáve, atyávie, tyauva (PE22:152).
KUB kuve, kumbe, ukúvie 'bow' There is also late LUB, but S Cú, Q cú definitely remain.
LAB lave, láve, alávie 'lick' Much attested.
SYAD hyare, hyande (TQ hyarne, ahyárie) 'cleave (through)' Needed for Sangahyando, so definitely out there.
SED sere, sére, esérie 'rest' Also Etym. Well-attested; in Este.
WAD ware, wáre, awárie 'err (stray)' Many other stems with the meaning, also what of the derivation of vanda?
LUG lue, lunge, ulungie (archaic uluiye) 'it is sad on one' Valid and cool.
RAPH rafe, rappe, aráfie 'snatch' Repeated in PE19, as 'steal'.
LAKH lahe, lahte or lakke, alahtie 'kick' No other roots of the meaning, no re-assigns.

103
PITH pithe, pitte, ipíthie 'spit' Cf. PIW of Etym. Not obsoleted.
LIÑ linga, lingane (poet. linge) 'ring' Valid.
TAÑ tanga, tangane (poet. tange) 'twang' Valid.
KHIM hime, himne, ihímie 'adhere' Valid.
KIM kime, kimne, ikímie 'light on, find' Per PE22:149, Tolkien at least considered nominal KIM 'edge, brink'. But the title is 'List of Q. etc. inventions', so this could be a separate due to never intersecting.
KHAM hame, hamme, ahámie (ahammie) 'sit' Also Etym and LVS.
TON tone, tonne, otonnie (otónie) 'tap, knock' (PE17:138 TOM, OM, Etym TAM. Could all be.)
MUN 'groan, moan' mune, múne, umúnie 'not to like' Never obsoleted, very useful.
KHAL orhale, orhalde (orhalle), orahallie 'exalt' Cf. N heli, to lift.
OL olle, olólie or ólie 'become, grow(?)' Obsoleted to QE:VS already. Cf. ola, (g)ala.
NDUR nure, nurne, unúrie 'grow, be, dark' Both in Etym and PE17:167, it is based on 'bow down, obey, serve' (for -ndur). Apparently ever contradictory. Also NUR 'deep' in Etym, which remains in Nurtale (not Darkening!). Anyway, verb never attested.
KOY koita, koine, okoine 'live' (sic for okoinie or okóye — see LVS!) Found in late texts!
LAW lauta, laune, alaunie 'it abounds to one, one has lots of' The basic (not GLAWAR 'gold') root is 'growing, blooming' in PE17:159. Semantic connection possible: verb never mentioned!
SLAS hlasta, hlasse (poet. hlanne), ahlázie 'hear' Due to the conflict of Amon Lhaw and lasto in LotR, later 'hear' is hlare SLAS 'ear', but 'listen' is lasta LAS. Cut the initial 'h'!
NUS nusta, nusse, unúzie 'smell' Per Etym, 'wisdom' Noen, also PE22:040. Semantic shift!

106
mitta 'come in; insert' VT43:30

108
TAL 'appraise' tatalla 'marvel at' Strange vs. TAL 'foot'; but homonymy not improbable.

112
THIL 'shine silver' tithilla 'twinkle' Much attested.
kukumba 'bow repeatedly' See KUB.
UL ?, ulle, úlie (poet. ulúlie) 'pour' If ulya, then per Etym.
NDAK nake 'hate' Has the same form as 'kill'. Improbable, yet we have no other forms for that meaning.

113
PSAR sapsarra 'keep on rubbing, fray away' See psare.
SLIK hlike, ihlíkie 'creep' New, not changed.
lilhikke 'sneak about'
sisilla 'glitter (white)' cf. Page 112.
SPAR fara 'hunt' Also LVS, Etym.
SKOR hora 'wait for, await' No analogues, but note SKOR 'rough' in PE17:184!

114
KEL, KYEL 'run downwards' kelya 'it rains = it starts sending down' PE18:086, 091, 103 give 'cease' for KYEL, but that turns TEL later; KEL is much 'flow'. tyelle? Needs further study.
seru 'settle on' SED?
hamu 'sit down' Also Etym. The problem of KHAM and KHAD is great.
tolu 'stand up' Also in QE:VS, but normally T(H)AR? A change of stem is not improbable. Would be S awkward.
(ek)koiru 'come to life'
TUY 'sprout' tuilu 'bud, open (of flowers and leaves)' Cf. tuile 'spring'.
PALAK palka 'beat flat'
SULUP sulpa 'drink greedily'

118
ampanóta 'build, construct' PAN 'set in order' remains!
tele 'mean, intend to' TEl rather 'end' in QE; STEL cf. estel, S theled.
psare 'fret away' Cf. PE18.
KYAS? tyaze 'like' New, unchanged, epic!
fasta 'be pleased' PHA? In Etym, 'tangle' PHAS, for 'Ulfast'. Homonyms? PHAD/T?

125
OY oia, oiane (oine 'lived up') 'live, pass days' Never repeated. Never updated.
KHAD hare 'dwell permanently' cf. KHAM.
unta 'come down' Valid.
MBAR mare, marne 'reside (archaic)' No mention of verb in AUT. Possible.
SED sere 'stay, tarry' (< 'rest') Valid!

126
THAR thare 'stand' See article on TAR.
Apparently, rather tare in later.
LAT late, láta, lante 'lie (of land)' Normally 'open, not enclosed', bur semantics is obvious (S lad).
LAD ?lare 'lie flat, be flat' Will write an article.

127 'Irregulars' (those understood)
SUB suve, sumbe 'sink', sumba 'to submerge' No repeats, no other way to express meaning.
TUB tuve 'fall low, go down'. tumba 'cast down' Consistent with the Etym. But notice TUP then for Utumno, based on untúpa from GL!
NDŪ unta 'descend' As before. Also Etym (of Sun).
EPH efe, éfa, empe or emfe 'emerge (especially from water)' Root and meaning free.
RIP ripe, rimpe 'hurl, fling' As in Etym. Cf. N rhibi.
RAP rampa 'climb' 'Bind' with on derivatives in Etym. Later normally RATH or anomally RET.
SLIT lhite, lhinte 'speed' Apparently, first ever root for linta, lim! Per S lim, LIT rather.

Tamas Ferencz Apr 21, 2016 (14:09)

Thanks for the list, Aleksandr, I agree that there are loads of long-awaited verbal stems in the document. I will trawl through your notes in due course!